Democracy
of the Billionaires
The Most Expensive Election Ever Is A Billionaire’s
Playground (Except for Bernie Sanders)
By Nomi Prins
February 01, 2016 "Information
Clearing House"
-
"Tom
Dispatch" -
Speaking of the need for citizen participation in
our national politics in his final
State of the Union address, President Obama
said, “Our brand of democracy is hard.” A more
accurate characterization might have been: “Our
brand of democracy is cold hard cash.”
Cash,
mountains of it, is increasingly the necessary tool
for presidential candidates. Several Powerball
jackpots could already be fueled from the billions
of dollars in contributions in play in election
2016. When considering the present donation season,
however, the devil lies in the details, which is why
the details follow.
With three
2016 debates down and six more scheduled, the two
fundraisers with the most surprising amount in
common are Bernie Sanders and Donald Trump. Neither
has billionaire-infused super PACs, but for vastly
different reasons. Bernie has made it clear
billionaires won’t ever hold sway in his court.
While Trump... well, you know, he’s not only a
billionaire but has the knack for getting the sort
of attention that even billions can’t buy.
Regarding
the rest of the field, each candidate is counting on
the reliability of his or her own arsenal of
billionaire sponsors and corporate nabobs when the
you-know-what hits the fan. And at this point,
believe it or not, thanks to the Supreme Court’s
Citizens United decision of 2010 and the super
PACs that arose from it, all the billionaires aren’t
even nailed down or faintly tapped out yet. In
fact, some of them are already preparing to jump
ship on their initial candidate of choice or
reserving the really big bucks for closer to game
time, when only two nominees will be duking it out
for the White House.
Capturing
this drama of the billionaires in new ways are TV
networks eager to profit from the latest
eyeball-gluing version of election politicking and
the billions of dollars in ads that will flood onto
screens nationwide between now and November 8th. As
super PACs, billionaires, and behemoth companies
press their influence on what used to be called “our
democracy,” the modern debate system, now a 16-month
food fight, has become the political equivalent of
the NFL playoffs. In turn, soaring ratings numbers,
scads of ads, and the party infighting that helps
generate them now translate into billions of new
dollars for media moguls.
For your
amusement and mine, this being an
all-fun-all-the-time election campaign, let’s
examine the relationships between our
twenty-first-century plutocrats and the contenders
who have raised $5 million or more in individual
contributions or through super PACs and are at 5% or
more in
composite national polls. I’ll refrain from
using the politically correct phrases that feed into
the illusion of distance between super PACs that
allegedly support candidates’ causes and the
candidates themselves, because in practice there is
no distinction.
On
the Republican Side:
1.
Ted Cruz: Most “God-Fearing” Billionaires
Yes, it’s
true the Texas senator “goofed” in neglecting to
disclose to the Federal Election Commission (FEC) a
tiny
six-figure loan from Goldman Sachs for his
successful 2012 Senate campaign. (After all, what’s
half-a-million dollars between friends, especially
when the investment bank that offered it also
employed your wife as well as your finance
chairman?) As The Donald recently told a crowd in
Iowa, when it comes to Ted Cruz, “Goldman Sachs owns
him. Remember that, folks. They own him.”
That aside,
with a slew of wealthy Christians in his camp, Cruz
has raised the second largest pile of money among
the GOP candidates. His total of individual and PAC
contributions so far disclosed is a striking
$65.2 million. Of that, $14.28 million has
already been spent. Individual contributors kicked
in about
a third of that total, or $26.57 million, as of
the end of November 2015 -- $11 million from small
donors and $15.2 million from larger ones. His five
top donor groups are retirees, lawyers and law
firms, health professionals, miscellaneous
businesses, and securities and investment firms
(including, of course, Goldman Sachs to the tune of
$43,575).
Cruz’s Keep
the Promise super PAC continues to grow like an
action movie franchise. It includes his original
Keep the Promise PAC augmented by Keep the Promise
I, II, and III. Collectively, the Keep the Promise
super PACs amassed $37.83 million. In terms of
deploying funds against his adversaries, they have
spent more than
10 times as much fighting Marco Rubio as
battling Hillary Clinton.
His super
PAC money divides along family factions reminiscent
of Game of Thrones. A $15 million chunk
comes from the billionaire Texas evangelical
fracking moguls, the Wilks Brothers, and $10 million
comes from
Toby Neugebauer, who is also listed as the
principal officer of the public charity,
Matthew 6:20 Foundation; its motto is “Support
the purposes of the Christian Community.”
Cruz’s
super PACs also received $11
million from billionaire Robert Mercer, co-CEO
of the New York-based hedge fund
Renaissance Technologies. His contribution is,
however, peanuts compared to the $6.8 billion a
Senate subcommittee accused Renaissance of shielding
from the Internal Revenue Service (an allegation
Mercer is still fighting). How’s that for “New York
values”? No wonder Cruz wants to abolish the IRS.
Another of
Cruz’s contributors is
Bob McNair, the real estate mogul, billionaire
owner of the National Football League’s Houston
Texans, and self-described “Christian
steward.”
2.
Marco Rubio: Most Diverse Billionaires
Senator
Marco Rubio of Florida has raised $32.8 million from
individual and PAC contributions and spent about $9
million. Despite the personal economic struggles
he’s experienced and loves to talk about, he’s not
exactly resonating with the nation’s downtrodden,
hence his weak polling figures among the little
people. Billionaires of all sorts, however, seem to
love him.
The bulk of
his money comes from super PACs and large
contributors. Small individual contributors donated
only
$3.3 million to his coffers; larger individual
contributions provided $11.3 million.
Goldman Sachs leads his pack of corporate donors
with $79,600.
His main
super PAC, Conservative Solutions, has raised $16.6
million, making it the third largest cash cow behind
those of Jeb Bush and Ted Cruz. It holds $5 million
from Braman Motorcars, $3 million from the Oracle
Corporation, and $2.5 million from Benjamin Leon,
Jr., of Besilu Stables. (Those horses are evidently
betting on Rubio.)
He has also
amassed a healthy roster of billionaires including
the hedge-fund “vulture of Argentina”
Paul Singer who was the third-ranked
conservative donor for the 2014 election cycle. Last
October, in a mass email to supporters about a
pre-Iowa caucus event, Singer
promised, “Anyone who raises $10,800 in new,
primary money will receive 5 VIP tickets to a rally
and 5 tickets to a private reception with Marco.”
Another of
Rubio's Billionaire Boys is
Norman Braman, the Florida auto dealer and his
mentor. These days he’s been forking over the real
money, but back in 2008, he gave Florida
International University $100,000 to fund a Rubio
post-Florida statehouse teaching job. What makes
Braman’s relationship particularly intriguing is his
“intense
distaste for Jeb Bush,” Rubio’s former political
mentor and now political punching bag. Hatred, in
other words, is paying dividends for Rubio.
Rounding
out his top three billionaires is Oracle CEO
Larry Ellison, who ranks third on Forbes’s
billionaire list. Last summer, he threw a $2,700
per person
fundraiser in his Woodside, California, compound
for the candidate, complete with a special dinner
for couples that raised $27,000. If Rubio somehow
pulls it out, you can bet he will be the Republican
poster boy for Silicon Valley.
3.
Jeb Bush: Most Disappointed Billionaires
Although
the one-time Republican front-runner’s star now
looks more like a black hole, the coffers of “Jeb!”
are still the ones to beat. He had raised a total of
$128 million by late November and spent just $19.9
million of it. Essentially none of Jeb’s money came
from the little people (that is, us). Barely
4% of his contributions were from donations of
$200 or less.
In terms of
corporate donors, eight of his top 10 contributors
are banks or from the financial industry (including
all of the Big Six banks). Goldman Sachs (which is
nothing if not generous to just about every
candidate in sight -- except of course, Bernie) tops
his corporate donor chart with $192,500. His super
PACs still kick ass compared to those of the other
GOP contenders. His Right to Rise super PAC raised a
hefty
$103.2 million and, despite his disappearing act
in the polls, it remains by far the largest in the
field.
Corporate
donors to Jeb’s Right to Rise PAC include MBF
Healthcare Partners founder and chairman Mike
Fernandez, who has financed a slew of anti-Trump
ads, with $3.02 million, and Rooney Holdings with
$2.2 million. Its CEO, L. Francis Rooney III, was
the man George W. Bush appointed ambassador to the
Vatican. Former AIG CEO Hank Greenberg’s current
company, CV Starr (and not, as he has made pains to
clarify, he himself), gave $10 million to Jeb’s
super PAC. In the same
Fox Business interview where he stressed that
distinction, he also noted, “I’m sorry he is not
living up to expectations, but that’s the reality of
it.” AIG, by the way, received
$182 billion in bailout money under Jeb’s
brother, W.
4.
Ben Carson: No Love For Billionaires
Ben Carson
is running a pretty expensive campaign, which
doesn’t reflect well on his possible future handling
of the economy (though, as he sinks toward
irrelevance in the polls, it seems as if his moment
to handle anything may have passed). Having raised
$38.7 million, he’s spent $26.4 million of it. His
campaign received
63% of its contributions from small donors,
which leaves it third behind Bernie and Trump on
that score, according to FEC filings from October
2015.
His main
super PACs, grouped under the title “the
2016 Committee,” raised just
$3.8 million, with rich retired people providing
the bulk of it. Another PAC,
Our Children’s Future, didn’t collect anything,
despite its pledge to turn "Carson’s outside militia
into an organized army."
But
billionaires aren’t Carson’s cup of tea. As he said
last October, “I have not gone out licking the boots
of billionaires and special-interest groups. I’m not
getting into bed with them.”
Carson
recently dropped into fourth place in the
RealClearPolitics composite poll for election 2016
with his team in chaos. His campaign manager, Barry
Bennett,
quit. His finance chairman, Dean Parke,
resigned amid escalating criticism over his
spending practices and his $20,000 a month salary.
As the rising outsider candidate, Carson once had an
opportunity to offer a fresh voice on campaign
finance reform. Instead, his campaign learned the
hard way that being in the Republican hot seat
without a Rolodex of billionaires can be hell on
Earth.
5.
Chris Christie: Most Sketchy Billionaires
For someone
polling so low, New Jersey Governor Chris Christie
has amassed startling amounts of dosh. His campaign
contributions stand at
$18.6 million, of which he has spent $5.7
million. Real people don’t care for him. Christie
has received the least number of small contributions
in either party, a bargain basement 3% of his total.
On the
other hand, his super PAC, America Leads, raised
$11 million, including $4.3 million from the
securities and investment industry. His top
corporate donors at $1 million each include Point 72
Asset Management, the
Steven and Alexandra Cohen Foundation, and
Winnecup Gamble Ranch, run by billionaire
Paul Fireman, chairman of Fireman Capital
Partners and founder and former chairman of Reebok
International Ltd.
Steven
Cohen, worth about
$12 billion and on the Christie campaign's
national finance team, founded Point 72 Asset
Management after being forced to shut down SAC
Capital, his former hedge-fund company, due to
insider-trading charges. SAC had to pay
$1.2 billion to settle.
Christie’s
other helpful billionaire is Ken Langone, co-founder
of Home Depot. But Langone, as he
told the National Journal, is not
writing a $10 million check. Instead, he says, his
preferred method of subsidizing politicians is
getting “a lot of people to write checks, and get
them to get people to write checks, and hopefully
result in a helluva lot more than $10 million.” In
other words, Langone offers his ultra-wealthy
network, not himself.
6.
Donald Trump: I Am A Billionaire
Trump’s
campaign has received approximately
$5.8 million in individual contributions and
spent about the same amount. Though not much
compared to the other Republican contenders, it’s
noteworthy that
70% of Trump’s contributions come from small
individual donors (the highest percentage among GOP
candidates). It’s a figure that suggests it might
not pay to underestimate Trump’s grassroots support,
especially since he’s getting significant amounts of
money from people who know he doesn’t need it.
Last July,
a Make America Great Again super PAC emerged, but it
shut down in October to honor Trump’s no super
PAC claim. For Trump, dealing with super PAC
agendas would be a hassle unworthy of his time and
ego. (He is, after all, the best billionaire: trust
him.) Besides, with endorsements from luminaries
like former Alaska Governor Sarah Palin and a
command of TV ratings that’s beyond compare, who
needs a super PAC or even his own money, of which
he’s so far spent remarkably little?
On
The Democratic Side:
1.
Hillary Clinton: A Dynasty of Billionaires
Hillary and
Bill Clinton earned a phenomenal
$139 million for themselves between 2007 and
2014, chiefly from writing books and speaking to
various high-paying Wall Street and international
corporations. Between 2013 and 2015, Hillary
Clinton gave 12 speeches to Wall Street banks,
private equity firms, and other financial
corporations, pocketing a whopping
$2,935,000. And she’s used that obvious
money-raising skill to turn her campaign into a
fundraising machine.
As of
October 16, 2015, she had pocketed
$97.87 million from individual and PAC
contributions. And she sure knows how to spend it,
too. Nearly half of that sum, or $49.8 million --
more than triple the amount of any other candidate
-- has already gone to campaign expenses.
Small
individual contributions made up only
17% of Hillary’s total; 81% came from large
individual contributions. Much like her forced
folksiness in the early days of her campaign when
she was snapped
eating a burrito bowl at a Chipotle in her first
major meet-the-folks venture in Ohio, those figures
reveal a certain lack of savoir faire when
it comes to the struggling classes.
Still,
despite her speaking tour up and down Wall Street
and the fact that
four of the top six Wall Street banks feature
among her top 10 career contributors, they’ve been
holding back so far in this election cycle (or
perhaps donating to the GOP instead). After all,
campaign 2008 was a bust for her and nobody likes to
be on the losing side twice.
Her largest
super PAC, Priorities USA Action, nonetheless raised
$15.7 million, including $4.6 million from the
entertainment industry and $3.1 million from
securities and investment. The Saban Capital Group
and DreamWorks kicked in $2 million each.
Hillary has
recently tried to distance herself from a
well-deserved reputation for being
close to Wall Street, despite the mega-speaking
fees she’s garnered from Goldman Sachs among others,
not to speak of the fact that five of the Big Six
banks gave money to the Clinton Foundation. She now
claims that her “Wall Street plan” is stricter than
Bernie Sanders’s. (It isn’t. He’s advocating to
break up the big banks via a twenty-first-century
version of the Glass-Steagall Act that Bill Clinton
buried in his presidency.) To top it off, she
scheduled an elite fundraiser at the $17 billion
“alternative investment” firm Franklin Square
Capital Partners four days before the Iowa Caucus.
So much for leopards changing spots.
You won’t
be surprised to learn that Hillary has billionaires
galore in her corner, all of whom backed her hubby
through the years. Chief among them is media
magnate Haim Saban who gave her super PAC $2
million. George Soros, the hedge-fund mogul,
contributed
$2.02 million. DreamWorks Animation chief
executive Jeffrey Katzenberg gave
$1 million. And the list goes on.
2.
Bernie Sanders: No Billionaires Allowed
Bernie
Sanders has stuck to his word, running a campaign
sans billionaires. As of October 2015, he
had raised an impressive
$41.5 million and spent about $14.5 million of
it.
None of his
top corporate donors are Wall Street banks. What’s
more, a record
77% of his contributions came from small
individual donors, a number that seems only destined
to grow as his legions of enthusiasts vote with
their personal checkbooks.
According
to a Sanders campaign
press release as the year began, another $33
million came in during the last three months of
2015: “The tally for the year-end quarter pushed his
total raised last year to $73 million from more than
1 million individuals who made a record 2.5 million
donations.” That number broke the 2011 record set by
President Obama’s reelection committee by 300,000
donations, and evidence suggests Sanders’s
individual contributors aren’t faintly tapped out.
After recent attacks on his single-payer healthcare
plan by the Clinton camp, he raised $1.4 million in
a single day.
It would,
of course, be an irony of ironies if what has been a
billionaire’s playground since the Citizens
United decision became, in November, a
billionaire’s graveyard with literally billions of
plutocratic dollars interred in a grave marked: here
lies campaign 2016.
The
Media and Debates
And talking
about billions, in some sense the true political and
financial playground of this era has clearly become
the television set with a record
$6 billion in political ads slated to flood
America’s screen lives before next November 8th. Add
to that the staggering rates that media companies
have been getting for ad slots on TV’s latest
reality extravaganza -- those “debates” that began
in mid-2015 and look as if they’ll never end. They
have sometimes pulled in
National Football League-sized audiences and
represent an entertainment and profit spectacle of
the highest order.
So here’s a
little rundown on those debates thus far, winners
and losers (and I’m not even thinking of the
candidates, though Donald Trump would obviously lead
the list of winners so far -- just ask him). In
those ratings extravaganzas, especially the
Republican ones, the lack of media questions on
campaign finance reform and on the influence of
billionaires is striking -- and little wonder, under
the money-making circumstances.
The
GOP Show
The
kick-off August 6th GOP debate in Cleveland, Ohio,
was a Fox News triumph. Bringing in
24 million viewers, it was the highest-rated
primary debate in TV history. The follow-up at the
Reagan Library in Simi Valley, California, on
September 16th, hosted by CNN and Salem Radio,
grabbed another 23.1 million viewers, making it the
most-watched program in CNN's history. (Trump
naturally took credit for that.) CNN charged up to
$200,000 for a 30-second spot. (An average
prime-time spot on CNN usually goes for $5,000.) The
third debate, hosted by CNBC, attracted
14 million viewers, a record for CNBC, which was
by then charging advertisers
$250,000 or more for 30-second spots.
Fox
Business News and the Wall Street Journal
hosted the next round on November 10th:
13.5 million viewers and (ho-hum) a Fox Business
News record. For that one, $175,000
bought you a 30-second commercial slot.
The fifth
and final debate of 2015 on December 15th in Las
Vegas, again hosted by CNN and Salem Radio, lassoed
18 million viewers. As 2016 started, debate
fatigue finally seemed to be setting in. The first
debate on January 14th in North Charleston, South
Carolina, scored a mere 11 million viewers for Fox
Business News. When it came to the second debate
(and the last before the Iowa caucuses) on January
28th, The Donald decided
not to grace it with his presence because he
didn't think Fox News had treated him nicely enough
and because he loathes its host Megyn Kelly.
The
Democratic Debates
Relative to
the GOP debate ad-money mania, CNN charged a bargain
half-off, or $100,000,
for a 30-second ad during one of the Democratic
debates. Let’s face it, lacking a reality TV star at
center stage, the Democrats and associated
advertisers generally fared less well. Their first
debate on October 13th in Las Vegas, hosted by CNN
and Facebook, averaged a respectable 15.3 million
viewers, but the next one in Des Moines, Iowa,
overseen by CBS and the Des Moines Register,
sank to just
8.6 million viewers. Debate number three in
Manchester, New Hampshire, hosted by ABC and WMUR,
was rumored to have been buried by the Democratic
National Committee (evidently trying to do Hillary a
favor) on the Saturday night before Christmas. Not
surprisingly, it brought in only
7.85 million viewers.
The fourth
Democratic debate on NBC on January 17th (streamed
live on YouTube) featured the intensifying battle
between an energized Bernie and a spooked Hillary.
It garnered 10.2 million TV viewers and another 2.3
million YouTube viewers, even though it, too, had
been buried -- on the Sunday night before Martin
Luther King, Jr. Day. In comparison, 60 Minutes
on rival network CBS nabbed 20.3
million viewers.
The
Upshot
So what
gives? In this election season, it’s clear that
these skirmishes involving the ultra-wealthy and
their piles of cash are transforming modern American
politics into a form of theater. And the correlation
between big money and big drama seems destined only
to rise. The media needs to fill its coffers
between now and election day and the competition
among billionaires has something of a horse-betting
quality to it. Once upon a time, candidates drummed
up interest in their policies; now, their policies,
such as they are, have been condensed into so many
buzzwords and phrases, while money and glitz are the
main currencies attracting attention.
That said,
it could all go awry for the money-class and
wouldn’t that just be satisfying to witness -- the
irony of an election won not by, but despite, all
those billionaires and corporate patrons.
Will
Bernie’s citizens beat Hillary’s billionaires? Will
Trump go billion to billion with fellow New York
billionaire Michael Bloomberg? Will Cruz’s prayers
be answered? Will Rubio score a 12th round knockout
of Cruz and Trump? Does Jeb Bush even exist? And to
bring up a question few are likely to ask: What do
the American people and our former democratic
republic stand to lose (or gain) from this
spectacle? All this and more (and more and more
money) will be revealed later this year.
Nomi Prins, a
TomDispatch regular, is the author
of six books, a speaker, and a distinguished senior
fellow at the non-partisan public policy institute
Demos. Her most recent book is All
the Presidents' Bankers: The Hidden Alliances That
Drive American Power (Nation
Books). She is a former Wall Street executive.
Special thanks go to researcher Craig Wilson for his
superb work on this piece.
[Note:
The non-partisan D.C.-based research group
Center for Responsive Politics deserves a
special shout-out for the remarkable work it’s done
in the past and in election 2016, keeping track of
donor data with the kind of attention and diligence
that any journalist can only admire and thank them
for.]
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Copyright
2016 Nomi Prins |