Reflections From Paris
Who is Marching Anywhere to Honor Those
Killed in Baga?
By John V. Whitbeck
January 12, 2015 "ICH"
- "Counterpunch"
-
Paris. I
live in Paris. Indeed, it has been the
center of my life since 1976. I love Paris,
and I love France.
I have until now hesitated
to circulate any articles or thoughts on the
recent bloody events in France, in part
because my own thoughts have been in flux.
However, as the initial shock-induced
groupthink has moderated and more thoughtful
and nuanced articles and views have started
to appear, I will now share my own thoughts.
It goes without saying –
or SHOULD go without saying – that ALL massacres
of innocents are horrible are unjustifiable.
However, a brief AP
article in the weekend edition of the International
New York Times reports that, on the
same day that the Charlie Hebdo cartoonists
were assassinated, “as many as 2,000 people
were killed” by Boko Haram in Baga, a town
on the Nigerian border with Chad, and that
“most of the victims were children, women
and elderly people who could not run fast
enough when the insurgents drove into Baga,
firing rocket-propelled grenades and assault
rifles at residents.”
Few people on the planet
can be unaware that 20 people (including the
three killers) have been killed in and
around Paris this week. Few people even
among my distinguished recipients will be
aware that up to one hundred times as many
people have been killed in Baga this week.
Huge numbers of
non-Western, non-Christian and non-Jewish
people are being slaughtered every day in
many countries around the world, by their
fellow Muslims, by Westerners, by
Christians, by Jews and by atheists. Such
deaths are so common and routine that they
constitute a barely newsworthy journalistic
yawn.
In Paris this week, a
relatively limited number of atheists (the
cartoonists), Christians, Jews and, yes, two
Muslims were killed by Muslims seeking
revenge for the insults and humiliations
which they perceived to have been inflicted
on their prophet, their religion and their
co-religionists – not because of any more
general hostility to “freedom of the press”
or “freedom of expression” – the cartoonists
would not have been targeted by their
killers had they confined their insults to
Christians and Jews – or to the proclaimed
values of Western civilization.
This was a rare event,
hence newsworthy (indeed, especially
newsworthy since journalists were targeted)
and shocking.
It is also undeniable
that, at least in most Western, Christian
and Jewish eyes, Western, Christian and
Jewish lives are infinitely more valuable
and important than non-Western,
non-Christian and non-Jewish lives.
This afternoon, over a
million people, including President François
Hollande and nearly 50 foreign leaders, have
marched in the streets of Paris. So far as I
am aware, no one has been marching anywhere
to honor those killed in Baga.
There has been much homage
paid in recent days to “freedom of the
press” and “freedom of expression” in
France. These are noble concepts. However,
consciously and gratuitously provoking
others, particularly marginalized
minorities, by insulting them, their human
dignity and their most deeply held beliefs
does not strike me as an exercise of freedom
of expression at its most noble, humane or
constructive level.
One may wonder what it
means to proclaim “Je suis Charlie”
or “Nous sommes tous Charlie”, as
people are doing all round the world. All
atheists? All Islamophobes? All
equal-opportunity insulters of all
religions, all believers and all people of
power and prominence? Are they declaring
that they are FOR some values or AGAINST
some people? Time will tell. One must hope
for the best.
In light of my intense
interest in justice for the Palestinian
people, I am aware of several instances in
recent years in which “freedom of
expression” in France has been revealed to
be distinctly subjective and discriminatory:
1. On several occasions,
Palestine solidarity and BDS activists have
been prosecuted for the crime of “inciting
discrimination and racial hatred” for
publicly advocating a consumer boycott of
Israeli products.
2. The current French
prime minister, Manuel Valls, banned a show
by the hugely popular stand-up comedian
Dieudonné M’bala M’bala on the grounds that
portions of the show offended Jews.
(Dieudonné, like the Charlie Hebdo cartoonists,
is an equal-opportunity insulter, but, while
they were most famous for insulting the
Prophet Mohammed, Islam and Muslims, he has
attracted most media attention and criticism
for insulting Jews.)
3. During the Gaza
massacres this past summer, Mr. Valls banned
a demonstration in Paris in sympathy and
solidarity with the people of Gaza.
4. Needless to say
(although one hesitates to mention it), no
one would dare to suggest publicly that any
aspect of the received wisdom regarding the
Holocaust might possibly be less than 100%
historically accurate and correct. Doing so
would produce not simply social ostracism
but prosecution for the crime of “denial”.
One may hope that the
shock of this week’s events will lead to
more, rather than less, freedom of
expression in France, ideally of a less
discriminatory, more consistent and more
constructive and
non-insulting-for-the-sake-of-insulting
nature.
I was alarmed this week to
see a front page of Le Monde headlined
“FRANCE’S SEPTEMBER 11”. I hope and trust
that France will not, like the United States
after 9/11, go berserk, transforming its
former democracy into a fear-driven
surveillance state with strong totalitarian
tendencies, lashing out at perceived enemies
at home and abroad and thereby creating more
enemies and greater hatred directed toward
it and its people. (The Kouachi brothers,
responsible for the Charlie Hebdo assassinations,
had previously attributed their personal
radicalization to the American torture and
humiliation program at Abu Ghraib prison
outside Baghdad.)
In this context, I cannot
help recalling (and retransmitting below)
the concluding paragraphs of the long-form
version of my December 2001 op-ed article on
the use and abuse of the word “terrorism”,
which was published in the spring of 2002
by Global Dialogue (Nicosia), Politica
Exterior (Madrid), International (Vienna)
and the Pugwash Newsletter (the
semiannual magazine of the Council of the
Pugwash Conferences on Science and World
Affairs, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize in
1995) and which remains posted in full on a
website of the
U.S. Democratic Party:
“If the world is to
avoid a descent into anarchy, in which
the only rule is “might makes right”,
every “retaliation” provokes a
“counter-retaliation” and a genuine “war
of civilizations” is ignited, the world
– and particularly the United States –
must recognize that “terrorism” is
simply a word, a subjective epithet, not
an objective reality and certainly not
an excuse to suspend all the rules of
international law, domestic civil
liberties and fundamental fairness which
have, until now, made at least some
parts of our planet decent places to
live.
“The world – and
particularly the United States – must
also recognize that, in a world filled
with injustice, violent outbursts by
those hoping desperately for a better
life or simply seeking to strike a blow
against injustice or their tormentors
before they die can never be eradicated.
At best, the frequency and gravity of
such outbursts can be diminished by
seeking to alleviate (rather than to
aggravate) the injustices and
humiliations that give rise to them, by
more consistent and universal
application of the fundamental religious
principle to “do unto others as you
would have others do unto you” and of
the fundamental principle of the
founding fathers of American democracy
that all men are created equal and
endowed with inalienable rights, by
treating all people (even one’s enemies)
as human beings entitled to basic human
rights and by striving to offer hope and
human dignity to the miserable millions
who have neither. A single-minded focus
on increased military, “security” and
“counter-terrorism” programs and
spending will almost certainly prove
counter-productive to its declared
objective, diminishing both security and
the quality of life not only for the
poor, the weak and the oppressed but
also for the rich, the strong and the
oppressors.
“The trend since
September 11 has been to aggravate,
rather than to alleviate, the very
problems which fueled the sense of
humiliation and hatred behind that day’s
attacks. However, it is not inevitable
that this trend must continue – unless,
of course, men and women of good will,
compassion and ethical values, who share
a well-founded fear as to where the
world is heading and can see clearly
that there must be, and is, a better
way, permit themselves to be terrorized
into silence.”
A FINAL THOUGHT:
As might be expected, Bibi Netanyahu, who
has been in Paris for today’s march, has
sought to turn this week’s events in France
to his own advantage. He has lectured
Western leaders that “the terror of Hamas,
Hezbollah, ISIS and Al-Qaida” won’t end
“unless the West fights it physically,
rather than fighting its false arguments”
and has told French Jews that Israel is
their country and that they will be welcomed
if they choose to emigrate there. I also
presume that it is at his initiative that
the four Jews who died Friday evening are to
be buried together in Jerusalem on Tuesday.
At a time when the French nation is trying
to come together around the principle that
all French citizens, regardless of their
religious beliefs or non-beliefs, are first
and foremost French, I find this initiative,
suggesting as it does that French Jews are
first and foremost Jews (or even Israelis)
and only secondarily French, profoundly
counter-constructive.
John V.
Whitbeck is
an international lawyer who has advised the
Palestinian negotiating team in negotiations
with Israel.