Suspending
the Constitution: Police State Uses Crises to Expand
Its Lockdown Powers
By John W.
Whitehead
“That was when they suspended the Constitution.
They said it would be temporary. There wasn’t
even any rioting in the streets. People stayed
home at night, watching television, looking for
some direction. There wasn’t even an enemy you
could put your finger on.”― Margaret Atwood,
The Handmaid’s Tale
March 28,
2020 "Information
Clearing House"
- You can always count on the government to take
advantage of a crisis, legitimate or manufactured.
This
coronavirus pandemic is no exception.
Not only
are the federal and state governments unraveling the
constitutional fabric of the nation with lockdown
mandates that are sending the economy into a
tailspin and wreaking havoc with our liberties, but
they are also rendering the citizenry fully
dependent on the government for financial handouts,
medical intervention, protection and sustenance.
Unless we
find some way to rein in the government’s power
grabs, the fall-out will be epic.
Everything
I have warned about for years—government overreach,
invasive surveillance, martial law, abuse of powers,
militarized police, weaponized technology used to
track and control the citizenry, and so on—has
coalesced into this present moment.
The
government’s shameless exploitation of past national
emergencies for its own nefarious purposes pales in
comparison to what is presently unfolding.
It’s
downright Machiavellian.
Deploying
the same strategy it used with 9/11 to acquire
greater powers under the USA Patriot Act, the police
state—a.k.a. the shadow government, a.k.a. the Deep
State—has been anticipating this moment for years,
quietly assembling a wish list of lockdown powers
that could be trotted out and approved at a moment’s
notice.
It
should surprise no one, then, that the
Trump Administration has asked Congress to allow it
to suspend parts of the Constitution
whenever it deems it necessary during this
coronavirus pandemic and “other” emergencies.
It’s
that
“other” emergencies
part that should particularly give you pause, if not
spur you to immediate action (by action, I mean a
loud and vocal, apolitical, nonpartisan outcry and
sustained, apolitical, nonpartisan resistance).
In fact,
the Department of Justice (DOJ) has been quietly
trotting out and testing a long laundry list of
terrifying powers that override the Constitution.
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We’re talking about lockdown powers (at both the
federal and state level): the ability to suspend
the Constitution, indefinitely detain American
citizens, bypass the courts, quarantine whole
communities or segments of the population,
override the First Amendment by outlawing
religious gatherings and assemblies of more than
a few people, shut down entire industries and
manipulate the economy, muzzle dissidents, “stop
and seize any plane, train or automobile to
stymie the spread of contagious disease,”
reshape financial markets, create a digital
currency (and thus further restrict the use of
cash), determine who should live or die…
You’re
getting the picture now, right?
These are
powers the police state would desperately like to
make permanent.
Specifically,
the DOJ wants to be able to indefinitely detain
American citizens without trial.
The DOJ also wants to be able to pause court
proceedings and suspend the statute of limitations
on criminal and civil cases.
Both
signify a clear violation of every right espoused in
the Constitution, including habeas corpus.
Habeas
corpus, a fundamental tenet of English common law
that guards against arbitrary and lawless state
action, does not appear anywhere in the Bill of
Rights. Its importance was such that it was
enshrined in the Constitution itself. And it is of
such magnitude that all other rights, including
those in the Bill of Rights, are dependent upon it.
Without habeas corpus, the significance of all other
rights crumbles.
The right
of habeas corpus was important to the Framers of the
Constitution because they knew from personal
experience what it was like to be labeled enemy
combatants, imprisoned indefinitely and not given
the opportunity to appear before a neutral judge.
Believing that such arbitrary imprisonment is “in
all ages, the favorite and most formidable
instrument of tyranny,” the Founders were all the
more determined to protect Americans from such
government abuses.
Translated
as “you should have the body,” habeas corpus is a
legal action, or writ, by which those imprisoned
unlawfully can seek relief from their imprisonment.
Derived from English common law, habeas corpus first
appeared in the Magna Carta of 1215 and is the
oldest human right in the history of
English-speaking civilization. The doctrine of
habeas corpus stems from the requirement that a
government must either charge a person or let him go
free.
While
serving as President, Thomas Jefferson addressed the
essential necessity of habeas corpus. In his first
inaugural address on March 4, 1801, Jefferson said,
“I know, indeed, that some honest men fear that a
republican government cannot be strong; that this
government is not strong enough.” But, said
Jefferson, our nation was “the world’s best hope”
and, because of our strong commitment to democracy,
“the strongest government on earth.” Jefferson said
that the sum of this basic belief was found in the
“freedom of person under the protection of the
habeas corpus; and trial by juries impartially
selected. These principles form the bright
constellation which has gone before us, and guided
our steps through an age of revolution and
reformation.”
Throughout
the twentieth century, the importance of the right
of habeas corpus has repeatedly been confirmed by
the U.S. Supreme Court. Yet 200-plus years after
America’s founders risked their lives to secure
their freedoms, we find ourselves right back
where we started, with a government determined to
strip us of every vestige of our freedoms.
The DOJ’s
latest request to Congress is merely a signal that
the police state is ready to step out of the
shadows, with the current national emergency being a
convenient cover for their dastardly deeds.
Bear in
mind, however, that these powers the Trump
Administration, acting on orders from the police
state, are officially asking Congress to
recognize and authorize barely scratch the surface
of the far-reaching powers the government has
already unilaterally claimed for itself.
Unofficially, the police
state has been riding roughshod over the rule of law
for years now without any pretense of being reined
in or restricted in its power grabs by Congress, the
courts or the citizenry.
As David C.
Unger, observes in The Emergency State:
America’s Pursuit of Absolute Security at All Costs:
“For seven decades we have been yielding our
most basic liberties to a secretive,
unaccountable emergency state – a vast but
increasingly misdirected complex of national
security institutions, reflexes, and beliefs
that so define our present world that we forget
that there was ever a different America. ...
Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness have
given way to permanent crisis management:
to policing the planet and fighting preventative
wars of ideological containment, usually on
terrain chosen by, and favorable to, our
enemies. Limited government and constitutional
accountability have been shouldered aside by the
kind of imperial presidency our constitutional
system was explicitly designed to prevent.”
This rise
of an “emergency state” that justifies all manner of
government tyranny in the so-called name of national
security is all happening according to schedule.
The
civil unrest, the national emergencies, “unforeseen
economic collapse, loss
of functioning political and legal order,
purposeful domestic resistance or insurgency,
pervasive public health emergencies, and
catastrophic natural and human disasters,” the
government’s reliance on the armed forces to solve
domestic political and social problems, the implicit
declaration of martial law packaged as a
well-meaning and overriding concern for the nation’s
security: the powers-that-be have been
planning and preparing for such a crisis for years
now, not just with
active shooter drills and lockdowns and checkpoints
and heightened danger alerts, but with a sensory
overload of militarized, battlefield images—in video
games, in movies, on the news—that acclimate us to
life in a police state.
Whether or
not this particular crisis is of the government’s
own making is not the point: to those for whom power
and profit are everything, the end always justifies
the means.
The
seeds of this present madness were sown several
decades ago when George W. Bush stealthily issued
two presidential directives that granted the
president the power to unilaterally declare a
national emergency, which is loosely defined as “any
incident, regardless of location, that results in
extraordinary levels of mass casualties, damage, or
disruption severely affecting the U.S. population,
infrastructure, environment, economy, or government
functions.“
Comprising the country’s Continuity of Government
(COG) plan, these directives (National
Security Presidential Directive 51 and Homeland
Security Presidential Directive 20),
which do not need congressional approval, provide a
skeletal outline of the actions the president will
take in the event of a “national emergency.”
Mind you,
that national emergency can take any form, can be
manipulated for any purpose and can be used to
justify any end goal—all on the say so of the
president.
Just what
sort of actions the president will take once he
declares a national emergency can barely be
discerned from the barebones directives. However,
one thing is clear: in the event of a national
emergency, the president will become a dictator
because while the COG directives ensure the
continuity of executive branch functions, they do
not provide for repopulating or reconvening Congress
or the Supreme Court.
Thus, a
debilitating attack would give unchecked executive,
legislative and judicial power to the executive
branch and its unelected minions. The country would
then be subjected to martial law by default, and the
Constitution and the Bill of Rights would be
suspended.
Originally
devised as a plan for quickly restoring
constitutional government, the COG concept arose
during the Cold War. The fear was that a nuclear
strike would paralyze the federal government.
These
concerns continued into the 1980s.
Under
President Ronald Reagan, an elaborate plan was
created in which three teams consisting of a cabinet
member, an executive chief of staff and military and
intelligence officials would practice evacuating and
directing a counter nuclear strike against the
Soviet Union from a variety of high-tech, mobile
command vehicles. If the president and vice
president were both killed, one of these teams would
take control, with the ranking cabinet official
serving as president.
Among those
Reagan handpicked to advise an inexperienced and
potentially incompetent successor in a time of
crisis were Congressman Dick Cheney and Donald
Rumsfeld, then a business executive with G. D.
Searle & Co. At least once a year during the 1980s,
Cheney and Rumsfeld vanished on top-secret training
missions, where each of the teams practiced
evacuating and directing a counter nuclear strike
against Russia.
This all
changed after the attacks of September 11, 2001,
when it became clear that the assumptions that drove
COG planning during the Cold War no longer applied:
there would be no warning against a so-called
“terrorist” attack. Thus, instead of relying on
part-time bureaucrats and evacuation schematics, the
Bush administration permanently appointed executive
officials, stationed outside the capital, to run a
shadow government.
The
U.S. military has reportedly
already been given standby orders under COG
for this present coronavirus pandemic.
The plans
for the shadow government administered by those who
run the Deep State are more elaborate than many
realize. Massive underground bunkers the size of
small cities are sprinkled throughout the country
for the government elite to escape to in the event
of a national emergency. Mount Weather, near
Bluemont, Va., is one of a number of such
facilities. Built into the side of a mountain, this
bunker contains, among other things, a hospital,
crematorium, dining and recreation areas, sleeping
quarters, reservoirs of drinking and cooling water,
an emergency power plant and a radio/television
studio.
There is
also an Office of the Presidency at Mount Weather,
which regularly receives top-secret national
security information from all the federal
departments and agencies. This facility was largely
unknown to everyone, including Congress, until it
came to light in the mid-1970s. Military personnel
connected to the bunker have refused to reveal any
information about it, even before congressional
committees. In fact, Congress has no oversight,
budgetary or otherwise, on Mount Weather, and the
specifics of the facility remain top-secret.
What is the
bottom line here?
We are, for
all intents and purposes, one crisis away from
having a full-fledged authoritarian state emerge
from the shadows, at which time democratic
government will be dissolved and the country will be
ruled by an unelected bureaucracy.
This is
exactly the kind of mischief that Thomas Jefferson
warned against when he cautioned, “In questions of
power, then, let no more be heard of confidence in
man, but bind him down from mischief by the chains
of the Constitution.”
Power
corrupts.
Absolute
power corrupts absolutely.
Thus far,
we have at least pretended that the government
abides by the Constitution.
Those who
wrote our Constitution sought to ensure our freedoms
by creating a document that protects our God-given
rights at all times, even when we are engaged in
war, whether that is a so-called war on terrorism, a
so-called war on drugs, a so-called war on illegal
immigration, or a so-called war on disease.
The
attempts by each successive presidential
administration to rule by fiat merely plays into the
hands of those who would distort the government’s
system of checks and balances and its constitutional
separation of powers beyond all recognition.
Remember,
these powers do not expire at the end of a
president’s term. They remain on the books, just
waiting to be used or abused by the next political
demagogue.
So, too,
every action taken by Trump and his predecessors to
weaken the system of checks and balances, sidestep
the rule of law, and expand the power of the
executive branch of government has made us that much
more vulnerable to those who would abuse those
powers in the future.
Although
the Constitution invests the President with very
specific, limited powers, in recent years, American
presidents (Trump, Obama, Bush, Clinton, etc.) have
claimed the power to completely and almost
unilaterally alter the landscape of this country for
good or for ill.
The
Trump Administration’s willingness to circumvent the
Constitution
by leaning heavily on the president’s so-called
emergency powers
constitutes a gross perversion of what limited power
the Constitution affords the executive branch.
The powers
amassed by each successive president through the
negligence of Congress and the courts—powers which
add up to a toolbox of terror for an imperial
ruler—empower whomever occupies the Oval Office to
act as a dictator, above the law and beyond any real
accountability.
As
law professor William P. Marshall explains, “every
extraordinary use of power by one President expands
the availability of executive branch power for use
by future Presidents.”
Moreover, it doesn’t even matter whether other
presidents have chosen not to take
advantage of any particular power, because “it is a
President’s action in using power, rather than
forsaking its use, that has the
precedential significance.”
In
other words, each successive president continues to
add to his office’s list of extraordinary orders and
directives,
expanding the reach and power of the presidency
and granting him- or herself near dictatorial
powers.
This abuse
of presidential powers has been going on for so long
that it has become the norm, the Constitution be
damned.
We no
longer have a system of checks and balances.
“The
system of checks and balances that the Framers
envisioned now lacks effective checks and is no
longer in balance,”
concludes Marshall.
“The implications of this are serious. The Framers
designed a system of separation of powers to combat
government excess and abuse and to curb
incompetence. They also believed that, in the
absence of an effective separation-of-powers
structure, such ills would inevitably follow.
Unfortunately, however, power once taken is not
easily surrendered.”
All
of the
imperial powers amassed by Barack Obama and George
W. Bush and now
Trump—to kill American citizens without due process,
to detain suspects (including American citizens)
indefinitely, to strip Americans of their
citizenship rights, to carry out mass surveillance
on Americans without probable cause, to wage wars
without congressional authorization, to suspend laws
during wartime, to disregard laws with which he
might disagree, to conduct secret wars and convene
secret courts, to sanction torture, to sidestep the
legislatures and courts with executive orders and
signing statements, to direct the military to
operate beyond the reach of the law, to establish a
standing army on American soil, to operate
a shadow government, to declare national emergencies
for any manipulated reason, and to act as a dictator
and a tyrant, above the law and beyond any real
accountability—have become a permanent part of the
president’s toolbox of terror.
These
presidential powers—acquired through the use of
executive orders, decrees, memorandums,
proclamations, national security directives and
legislative signing statements
and which can be activated by any sitting
president—enable past, president and future
presidents to operate above the law and beyond the
reach of the Constitution.
Think on
this: the presidential election is right around the
corner.
Suddenly,
the improbable possibility of any incumbent
president attempting to extend the police state’s
stranglehold on power by using current events to
justify postponing or doing away with an
election—forfeiting the people’s rights to govern
altogether—and establishing a totalitarian regime
seems less far-fetched than it did even a few years
ago.
The
emergency state is now out in the open for all to
see. Unfortunately, “we the people” refuse to see
what’s before us. Most Americans, fearful and easily
controlled, would sooner rouse themselves to fight
for that last roll of toilet paper than they would
their own freedoms.
This is how
freedom dies.
We erect
our own prison walls, and as our rights dwindle
away, we forge our own chains of servitude to the
police state.
Be warned,
however: once you surrender your freedoms to the
government—no matter how compelling the reason might
be for doing so—you can never get them back.
As I
make clear in my book
Battlefield America: The War on the American
People, no
government willingly relinquishes power.
If we
continue down this road, there can be no surprise
about what awaits us at the end.
The America
metamorphosing before our eyes is almost
unrecognizable from the country I grew up in, and
that’s not just tragic—it’s downright terrifying.
Constitutional attorney and author John W. Whitehead
is founder and president of The
Rutherford Institute.
His new book Battlefield
America: The War on the American People
is available at
www.amazon.com.
Whitehead can be contacted at johnw@rutherford.org.
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