The sources cited in the Post report were not identified because they were not authorized to speak publicly on the coming sanctions.
Obama issued an executive order last year intended to fight cyberattacks but the order cannot be applied to electoral interference, experts said. Since the purported Russian involvement was discovered, White House officials have been trying to determine how to revise the order.
But Obama's administration is running out of time. Trump, a prominent businessman with some ties to Russia and at least a semi-friendly relationship with President Vladimir Putin, will take office on Jan. 20.
New sanctions mean that Moscow, which is already being punished economically for its military actions in Ukraine, will experience even more isolation from the international community. Putin, who is also a supporter of Syrian leader and U.S. foe Bashar al-Assad, had repeatedly expressed a desire to see Trump elected over Hillary Clinton -- a view also shared by most Russian citizens.
The Russian government has denied involvement in the presidential election, as well as various U.S. political hacks.
"As much as I am concerned about what happened to us in the election, I am also concerned about what will happen to us in the future," another U.S. official said. "I am firmly convinced that the Russians and others will say, 'That worked pretty well in 2016, so let's keep going.' We have elections every two years in this country."